By Juan Carlos Pereira (CFC-GS/UFPA) The current climate change mitigation landscape recognizes the preservation of tropical and subtropical forests as an indispensable pillar for achieving the goals set forth in the Paris Agreement. Forests store approximately 80% of terrestrial carbon above ground and 40% of carbon below ground, but their destruction remains a critical source of emissions, accounting for about

By Lucas Cunha (CFC-GS/UFPA) The Climate Investment Funds (CIF) is one of the world’s largest multilateral climate finance mechanisms, with $12.5 billion committed since its creation in 2008 and investments in nearly 400 projects across 82 low- and middle-income countries. Created as an initiative of the G8 and G20, the CIF operates uniquely within the climate finance landscape, distinguished by

By Luan Gloria (CFC-GS/UFPA) The conservation of the Negro River Basin, home to the world’s largest dark-water river, is crucial and extends beyond its traditional population. It receives strong support from international partnerships, which provide financial resources to ensure the environmental protection of this region. The Negro River originates in Colombia, where it is called the “Guiania River,” flows through

By Tiago Conceição (CFC-GS/UFPA) The Amazon is the largest tropical rainforest on the planet and plays a vital role in the global climate balance. However, the advance of deforestation, mining, and agricultural expansion threatens its biodiversity and its indigenous peoples. In this context, environmental organizations have been working to protect this region. Among them is the Amazon Conservation Association, an

By Sândrya Neves (CFC-GS/UFPA) The project known as the First Development Policy Financing Program for Fiscal and Environmental Sustainability in Amazonas is a loan provided by the World Bank to the Government of the State of Amazonas. The operation is part of the Development Policy Financing (DPF) instrument, which the World Bank uses to support institutional reforms and public policies.

By Yandra França (CFC-GS/UFPA) The European Investment Bank (EIB) is one of the world’s largest multilateral providers of climate finance. In this project, in partnership with the Development Bank of Minas Gerais (BDMG), more than 100 million euros were made available to the Minas Gerais-based bank, specifically for the renewable energy sector. Through a partial loan established in 2019, the

By Lucas Ribeiro Cunha (CFC-GS/UFPA) WHAT IS BIOSPHERE PROTECTION? Under the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Creditor Reporting System, each development cooperation project is classified by a five-digit purpose code that identifies the sector and objective of the intervention. Code 41020, known as Biosphere Protection, covers activities aimed at controlling air pollution, preserving the ozone layer, controlling marine

By Juan Carlos Pereira (CFC-GS/UFPA) Floresta+ Amazônia, or FP100, was conceived as part of a pilot program by the Green Climate Fund (GCF) to test the viability of payments for results in REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation), a mechanism established under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).1 When approved in February 2019, the project

By Alcilene Farias (CFC-GS/UFPA) Sustainable project financing, energy transition, and green finance are terms that have become increasingly common in public and academic debate in the face of global environmental and economic challenges. However, despite the growing centrality of these concepts, it is still pertinent to question how these processes materialize in practice. Where are the resources allocated to these

By Andressa Lima (CFC-GS/UFPA) The expansion of Line 5 (Lilac) of the São Paulo Subway is an urban transport infrastructure project aimed at expanding the subway network and improving mobility in the São Paulo Metropolitan Region. Line 5 was originally inaugurated in 2002, operating between Capão Redondo and Largo Treze, still disconnected from the rest of the system. The expansion